RISC-V GNU 工具链:安装与使用
本帖最后由 sky 于 2020-10-22 19:51 编辑1. 安装Wmware和unbuntu,我安装的是Wmware workstation pro 12.1.1 build-3770994, unbuntu 是18.04.2 amd版本, ubuntu-18.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso
2. 安装好unbuntu后,在/home/{username}目录里面创建目录riscv, 我的用户名是kaguo,所以创建的目录就是/home/kaguo/riscv
3.cd /home/kaguo/riscv , 进入riscv目录后,执行以下命令,安装一些编译riscv工具链需要的库。sudo apt-get install autoconf automake autotools-dev curl libmpc-dev libmpfr-dev libgmp-dev gawk build-essential bison flex texinfo gperf libtool patchutils bc zlib1g-dev libexpat-dev
详见:https://github.com/riscv/riscv-gnu-toolchain
建议把ubuntu的源镜像改为阿里云的,我开始用默认的会遇到 libtool库不能更新的问题。请参考
https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/639051
可以用下面命令先安装vim和gvimsudo apt-get install vim
sudo apt-get install vim-gtk
4. 在riscv目录中执行以下命令, sudo apt install git //首先安装git
git clone https://github.com/riscv/riscv-tools.git
接着你可以用下面的命令sudo apt-get install autoconf automake autotools-dev curl libmpc-dev libmpfr-dev libgmp-dev gawk build-essential bison flex texinfo gperf libtool patchutils bc zlib1g-dev libexpat-dev
将会下载下面的几个模块
[*]Spike, the ISA simulator
[*]riscv-tests, a battery of ISA-level tests
[*]riscv-opcodes, the enumeration of all RISC-V opcodes executable by the simulator
[*]riscv-pk, which contains bbl, a boot loader for Linux and similar OS kernels, and pk, a proxy kernel that services system calls for a target-machine application by forwarding them to the host machine
但是如果网络环境不好,可以使用下面命令一个模块一个模块单独下载:git clone --recursive https://github.com/riscv/riscv-openocd.git
git clone --recursive https://github.com/riscv/riscv-isa-sim.git
git clone --recursive https://github.com/riscv/riscv-opcodes.git
git clone --recursive https://github.com/riscv/riscv-pk.git
git clone --recursive https://github.com/riscv/riscv-tests.git
5.下载riscv gun toolchain,
在目录/home/kaguo/riscv,执行git clone --recursive https://github.com/riscv/riscv-gnu-toolchain
或者git clone https://github.com/riscv/riscv-gnu-toolchain
cd riscv-gnu-toolchain
git submodule update --init --recursive
将会下载riscv gun工具链,网络环境不好的化,可以按下面的方法,一个模块一个模块单独下载:git clone https://github.com/riscv/riscv-gnu-toolchain
cd riscv-gnu-toolchain
git clone --recursive https://github.com/riscv/riscv-qemu.git
git clone --recursive https://github.com/riscv/riscv-newlib.git
git clone --recursive https://github.com/riscv/riscv-binutils-gdb.git
git clone --recursive https://github.com/riscv/riscv-dejagnu.git
git clone --recursive https://github.com/riscv/riscv-glibc.git
git clone --recursive https://github.com/riscv/riscv-gcc.git
因为这样下载的目录和前一种方式不同,主要是qemu和gdb,binutils三个模块,可以进行一些copy工作,使得qemu, riscv-binutils,riscv-gdb三个目录有数据,否则编译会出错。cd riscv-qemu
cp -a * ../qemu
cd riscv-binutils-gdb
cp -a * ../riscv-gdb
cp -a * ../riscv-binutils
6.先编译riscv gun toolchain,再编译riscv tools,否则pk模块会编译出错cd /home/kaguo/riscv/riscv-tools/riscv-tools/riscv-gnu-toolchain,
vim ~/.bashrc
在最后增加两行,exportRISCV="/home/kaguo/riscv/riscv-tools/riscv-gnu-toolchain"
export PATH=$PATH:$RISCV/bin
然后source ~/.bashrc
现在用下面的命令开始编译riscv gun tool chain./configure --prefix=$RISCV
make
https://github.com/riscv/riscv-gnu-toolchain
这样会编译出64位的gcc riscv工具链,如果想同时产生32位工具链,可以用下面的命令./configure --prefix=$RISCV --with-arch=rv32gc --with-abi=ilp32d
make
如果出现ifconfig不能找问题,安装net-tools
sudo apt-get install net-tools
7.回到上一级目录,cd /home/kaguo/riscv/riscv-tools/riscv-tools/
执行下面命令编译riscv tools
./build.sh
编译完后,大部分可以执行文件都会安装到$RISCV/bin目录,单似乎pk的默认没有安装。
如果遇到下面错误,可以删除openocd 目录,用git clone --recursive https://github.com/riscv/riscv-opcodes.git 重新下载。Configuring project riscv-openocd
configure: error: cannot find install-sh, install.sh, or shtool in ".." "../.." "../../.."
进入 cd /home/kaguo/riscv/riscv-tools/riscv-tools/riscv-pk/buildcp pk dummy_payload config.status bbl_payload bbl /home/kaguo/riscv/riscv-tools/riscv-tools/riscv-gnu-toolchain/bin
把pk的可执行文件copy到$RISCV/bin目录。
8. 最后一步,测试运行。
编写hello.c文件#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
printf("Hello World!\n");
return 0;
}
编译hello.c,生产riscv的可执行文件helloriscv64-unknown-elf-gcc-ohello hello.c
这时候的 hello,并不能用./hello执行,因为它是riscv asi的机器码,而我们的计算机是x86平台,我们可以spike模拟器来执行该文件。spike pk hello
结果为:kaguo@ubuntu:~/riscv/riscv-tools/riscv-tools$ spike pk hello
bbl loader
Hello World!
注意:因为spike默认要分配2G的内存,所以我们要给虚拟机分配2G以上的内存空间,否则会出现下面的错误,我为ubuntu分配的内存是4G。kaguo@ubuntu:~/riscv/riscv-tools/riscv-tools/riscv-gnu-toolchain$ spike
terminate called after throwing an instance of 'std::runtime_error'
what():couldn't allocate 2147483648 bytes of target memory
Aborted (core dumped) spike -m128 pk hello
或者我们可以用m参数,每次制定为spike分配的内存数量。
完
页:
[1]